Application of Finger Vein Authentication Technology in Access Control System

Overview of biometrics technology With the rapid development of computer network information technology, the protection of personal information becomes more and more important under the trend of global economic integration. How to choose a reasonable authentication technology is an essential factor for ensuring information security. The early authentication technology was based on personal passwords, and the probability that passwords were cracked or peeked up was higher and later smart IC cards emerged. However, this authentication method also has potential security risks of being copied or stolen.

Biometric authentication technology will drive important changes in the IT industry in the coming years, the class computer technology by using the body's inherent physical characteristics or behavioral characteristics to identify an individual. Biometrics include fingerprint recognition, iris recognition, face recognition, palmprint recognition, vein recognition, voice recognition, signature recognition, handwriting recognition, hand shape recognition, and multiple biometric integrated recognition. Biometrics technology is not easy to forget and lose. It is not easy to be forged and stolen. It can be carried around and used anytime anywhere. It has been paid attention all over the world and applied to various fields such as identity authentication, entrance and exit management, security monitoring, e-commerce, and e-government.

Looking at the history of biometrics, in the late 1960s, the United States proposed using computer image processing and pattern recognition methods to perform fingerprint analysis instead of manual comparison. This is the initial fingerprint recognition technology. Since the 1990s, products such as palm recognition, facial recognition, and iris recognition have also entered the market. Although each authentication technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, it also occupies a certain market share.

With the release of finger vein biometric certification products in the market, it represents the birth of a new technology in the field of biometric authentication. The finger vein authentication technology achieves the purpose of authentication by performing live recognition on the vein image of the finger, which has high safety, high recognition rate, and ease of use. These advantages make it quickly recognized by the market. Finger vein recognition technology is widely used in financial systems, access control systems, computer security and other fields.

Principles of the finger vein authentication system Medical research proves that the shape of the finger vein is unique and stable. That is, each person's finger vein image is different. The vein image of the same person's different finger is different. The vein shape of a healthy adult's finger is not the same. Change again.

Certification is divided into the following four steps:

1. Vein scan: The LED emits near-infrared light on the finger side, transmits the finger, and on the other side of the finger, the camera takes a vein image;
2, image correction: adjust the image position and angle, so that it meets the certification specifications;
3. Feature extraction: According to the images obtained above, vein distribution images are extracted to obtain the feature map;
4. Image comparison and matching: Compare the feature map obtained above with the original template in the database and calculate the correlation. If they match, the authentication is passed. If they do not match, the authentication is rejected.

Advantages of finger vein authentication Many existing biometric authentications include fingerprint recognition, iris recognition, facial recognition technology, signature recognition technology, voice recognition technology, palm shape recognition technology, finger vein recognition technology, palm vein recognition technology, etc. Although biometric authentication has Its inherent advantages, but each has its own shortcomings for each identification.

As a high-security, easy-to-use authentication method, finger vein authentication technology has the following salient features that distinguish it from other biometric authentication technologies:

1. The principle of the security expert vein authentication system is to match the vein pattern of the internal vein of the finger. Because the venous blood vessels are hidden inside the fingers, it is extremely difficult to copy and steal, and this method is safer than other technologies that use human body's in vitro features for authentication. At the same time, venous authentication can sense blood flow and blood pressure in the finger and can perform live detection at the same time as the identification process.

2. The high accuracy sampling sample is inside the human body, so the external interference during the matching process is very small. The accuracy of finger vein authentication is very high. According to strict medical certification and mathematical statistics, the FRR (false positive rate) is less than 0.01%, the FAR (false recognition rate) is less than 0.0001%, and the FTE (login failure) is 0%.

3. Uniqueness According to medical evidence, the distribution of finger veins between different people is completely different. The distribution of veins in the left and right hands is also different. Even if they are the same fingers of twins, the distribution of veins is also different. Moreover, the distribution of finger veins does not change in adulthood. For minors, when their finger veins change with age, it only takes 30 seconds to complete the re-registration.

4. Non-contact Relative to certain biometric technologies, finger vein recognition technology is non-contact and will be more hygienic in public places.

5, a small sample file since the finger vein relatively stable and easily photographed, so a low resolution camera can achieve sampling requirements. The venous template file thus generated is small and the matching speed is fast.

Finger vein authentication applications With the development of modern biotechnology, modern security systems require that the original access control system using keys or cards be transformed into a highly secure and highly reliable system based on human characteristics. Finger vein authentication is widely used in the field of access control security due to its advantages of high security, high accuracy, uniqueness authentication, and non-contact authentication, providing an ideal security solution from the office environment to the residential environment.

The company and factory work environment is the most widely used field of access control systems and places higher requirements on security. At present, most companies and factories use IC card access control systems, but there are several shortcomings:

Employees need to carry IC cards with them and may be lost or damaged:

For large companies or factories, in the case of thousands of people on the number of people, we need to be equipped IC cards for each employee, which would increase the cost and workflow systems cumbersome degree;

Because the IC card is not interdependent with human biological characteristics, it often happens that employee cards are punched and the management of companies and factories is confusing.

The access control system using biometric authentication technology is more convenient for employees and does not require employees to use or carry additional certification marks, such as passwords, IC cards, etc.

Fingerprint technology was first applied to access control systems, but fingerprint identification methods have relatively serious security risks. The biological characteristics exposed to the outside of the human body are more easily copied. In addition, when the company has more users, the contact fingerprint authentication method is used. Does not meet the health requirements. The access control system using the finger vein authentication technology is more convenient, healthier, and more user-friendly than the fingerprint technology.

At present, some important corporate departments have applied iris recognition technology. We know that this technique, like finger veins, is a biological feature hidden inside the human body. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to replicate and is not easily affected by outside influences. However, the iris recognition system requires the eyeball scan of the human being, which will make the user's inner heart feel a certain resistance. At the same time, the user who wears the glasses is also not very convenient to use.

In the actual use environment, the finger vein authentication system can be combined with the enterprise security system and the attendance system, and the employee access management log can be recorded in detail. The query can be performed according to different search conditions, and an alarm can be issued in the event of danger.

With the development of society and the acceleration of the pace of life in public places, the flow of people in public places such as office buildings, libraries, etc. is getting larger and larger. Controlling the normal operation of these places and ensuring public safety has become an important task of the management agencies. The number of such places is greater than the number of employees in a certain company. Using an IC card type access control device will result in lower efficiency.

At present, finger veins have been used in Hitachi Tower in Singapore. This office building has nearly 2,000 employees of various companies. In the peak hours of commuting, the authenticated rapid finger vein system solved the congestion phenomenon and promoted Hitachi Tower to a high-security public place.

Intelligent building systems In recent years, the real estate market in China has developed rapidly, and people's demands for housing have also become higher and higher. A comfortable, convenient and safer living environment is expected. While people enjoy the high quality of life brought about by high technology, the safety of the living environment becomes the root of all this. At present, some high-end residential houses have used IC cards to control electronic locks. However, the situation in which the elderly and children forget to carry the cards occurs frequently, causing some inconvenience to the residents. In addition, the use of IC cards is also more likely to be copied or stolen by people with ulterior motives, resulting in the loss of property or even affecting personal safety.

The intelligent building system using the finger vein authentication system can bring more convenient and safe living experience to the occupants. The owner only needs to gently insert his finger into the vein authentication system. The system can verify the validity and record the access log, and can even associate the finger vein authentication system with the elevator in the intelligent building system. When the user inserts a finger in the lobby door and passes the authentication, the elevator will automatically descend to the first floor. When the resident enters the elevator, the elevator will automatically run to the floor of the household according to the records of the finger vein authentication system database. Throughout the process, tenants can return to their home without having to press any buttons, which will be a new life experience.

And intelligent residential system similar to the finger vein authentication system will also be used in hotel management is very convenient, and can effectively improve the safety management of the hotel.